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Black marks may develop on the skin as a result of hyper pigmentation. Skin cells or melanocytes which are present in the body produce a brown colored pigment called melanin. Melanin is what gives our skin its color. When an excess of melanin is produced in a particular area of the skin, a darkened spot or patch appears. The reason for hyper pigmentation is usually excessive or continuous exposure to the sun's rays and an over production of hormones in the body. Hyper pigmentation can occur in various forms such as freckles, age spots and birth marks. Age spots or liver spots are a common occurrence. They start to develop as one ages and are triggered by exposure of the skin to the sun. These spots are quite natural, but if they continue to grow, it is better to get a medical examination done. This will help to rule any other underlying causes of the skin spots.
The minute holes that you describe are actually the hair follicles or pores of the skin. There is a tendency for some to people to have slightly enlarged skin pores. This is usually a hereditary trait, and is not a cause for worry at all. The only thing you can do for this condition, it to keep the skin clean so that the open pores do not become a point of accumulation of sebum, dead skin cells and bacteria, as this will lead to pimples and acne. There are some home remedies you can use to tighten the pores. Lemon or tomato juice have astringent properties and hence when applied to the enlarged pores, will cause them to shrink. Ice cubes may also be gently rubbed over the pores. Rose water works as an effective method to reduce the size of the pores, in addition to improving the skin complexion.
For the dark marks on the face, you may apply the juice of an onion mixed with a few drops of lemon juice. This solution contains a high amount of vitamin C which will serve as a bleaching agent and lighten the darkened spots on the skin. You can also try massaging cocoa butter into the skin. This will help to improve the hyper pigmented skin and also improve the health of the skin. Potato juice also works to bleach the skin, and hence may be applied to the black spots. The skin sometimes appears dull and lifeless due to an accumulation of dead skin cells on the surface. You can remedy this by exfoliating the skin naturally using gram flour and yogurt. Gently scrub the skin with this and then rinse. This will help to put the glow back on your skin.
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